Simple rules of Spanish adjectives ~ Learn Spanish language fast | free memory tricks | Spanish vocabulary lessons.
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Tuesday, August 28, 2007

Simple rules of Spanish adjectives


One of the biggest differences between English and Spanish is the order of the adjectives and nouns. In English, you say,
white horse; in Spanish, you say, horse white (caballo blanco). Descriptive words always come after the noun they describe. Though this rule does have exceptions but they are very few.


Here are some common adjectives in Spanish:

alto tall

bueno good

bajo short

caliente hot

brillante bright

chico small

claro clear

débil weak

frío cold

fuerte strong

grande big

hermoso beautiful

oscuro dark

malo bad

mojado wet

sucio dirty

rápido fast

The two most common words used to link nouns and descriptive words are ser (to be—a permanent condition) and estar (to be—a temporary state). The rules on how to use these verbs have been discussed in a previous post on ser and estar.

Spanish adverbs must reflect the gender and number of the noun they describe. Adjectives ending in –o are already in the masculine form. To change to the feminine form of the adjective, just change the –o to –a. To make an adjective plural, simply add an –s. Por ejemplo (for example), let’s consider lento (slow):

lent-o (masculine singular)

lent-os (masculine plural)

lent-a (feminine singular)

lent-as (feminine plural)

Adjectives ending in –e or any consonant will not change their form no matter what the gender of the noun. In other words, their masculine and feminine forms are the same. However, they do change according to whether the noun is singular or plural. To convert the singular form to the plural, simply add an -s to the ending. Por ejemplo, fuerte (strong):

Fuert-e (masculine or feminine singular)

Fuert-es (masculine or feminine plural)

Nationalities in Spanish

Note that in Spanish, unlike English, adjectives of nationality are not capitalized. For example:

Mi padre es alemán y mi madre española. (
My father is German and my mother Spanish.)

Nationalities are often expressed using the preposition, de (from/of). For example:

Soy de Alemania. (I am from Germany.)

Soy alemán. (I am German.)

Adjectives of quantity

Unlike descriptions of qualities, these adjectives are usually placed before the noun. Some examples are:

Muchos/as many

Mucho/mucha much

Pocos/pocas few

Poco/poca little

Suficiente enough

Demasiado too much

Erina Hart said...

Great lesson. I like the list. Reminds me of my days in Spanish class (too bad I remember nothing).

By the way...

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J said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
J said...

hey again...
Listen. hav u any clue about the the short sentence structure.
It goes like:
?Habla espanol?
-Si, Yo hablo.....
it goes on to become more complicated than that with the use of 'se'...
help.. i flunked my spanish mid terms :(

Amit Schandillia said...

@jz.sinr

can u please elaborate a bit more? If u just wanna know how to use the se form of verbs, here it is:

se is used with reflexive verb forms. e.g., se habla espanol means "they speak spanish to themselves"---> spanish is spoken

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Thank you for the Spansih Grammar tips - I am always confused with por and para : (

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Is it that much important to learn the grammer so well before getting little bit habituated of speaking?

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We can also try and think of some more adjectives in English as well so that we may apply to the general tips as given in article.Interesting additional words will be found, as well as exceptions to the rule.

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Spanish has no neuter nouns unlike other languages.Ordinarily all nouns and adjectives end up with O.These are some of the basic that i also know about Spanish language and some i cam e to know through this article.

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These is the best opportunity for one to learn how to use ser and estar correctly and naturally in Spanish with proper pronunciations and also about the basic knowledge about its rules and regulations of its usage.

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Spanish adverbs must reflect the gender and number of the noun they describe. Adjectives ending in –o are already in the masculine form.

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